Category:Ischnothelinae
From Dipluridae
| Ischnothelinae F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1897 |
|---|
| Systematic |
| Order: Araneae |
| Infraorder: Mygalomorphae |
| Family: Dipluridae |
Contents |
Diagnosis
Ischnothelinae can be distinguished from all other diplurid subfamilies by the presence of two rows on cheliceral furrow and an elongated cymbium at males.
Description
Carapace very flat, hirsute, with small pitlike or very short, subcentral fovea. Eye group wider than long. Clypeus absent or indistinct. Chelicerae small, porrect; both margins with teeth; retromarginal teeth stronger, more numerous. Intercheliceral tumescence absent. Maxillae rectangular, anterior lobe indistinct; numerous cuspules in long triangular area. Labium much wider than long, without cuspules. Labiosternal suture laterally wide, deep. Sternum cordate, narrow, or wide (Lathrothele, Thelechoris); all sigilla oval, marginal. Third leg longer than first or second. Legs elongate, spinose. Tarsi of legs and palp of both sexes spinose. Males with pseudosegmented tarsi; cymbium bilobed, one very elongate lobe. Palpal bulb pyriform with elongate embolus, proximal on tarsus; tibia incrassate. Tibia I of males with elongate distal cuticular process and short thornlike spine; metatarsus I with proximal bicarinate (Lathrothele) or unicarinate process. Paired claws with one S-shaped row of teeth; unpaired claw curved with few long, fine teeth. Scopulae entirely absent in both sexes. Posterior lateral spinnerets elongate; lateral and middle segments subequal, apical segment pseudosegmented. Spermathecae consisting of four receptacula seminins.
Genera included
- Andethele Coyle, 1995 — Peru
- Indothele Coyle, 1995 — India
- Ischnothele Ausserer, 1875 — Mexico to Argentina, Caribic, India
- Lathrothele Benoit, 1965 — Africa
- Thelechoris Karsch, 1881 — Africa, Madagascar
Key to the genera of Ischnothelinae
1. Males ..........2
- Females ..........6
2. Spines present on tibia I mating apophysis ..........Ischnothele
- No spines on tibia I mating apophysis ..........3
3. Tibia I mating apophysis consists of a distal semiquadrate and a subdistal pointed protuberance; metatarsus
I proportionally short; metatarsus I with long, double, ventral keel in middle of article ..........Andethele
- Tibia I mating apophysis single and tapering to a point (figs. 280, 320); metatarsus I not especially short; metatarsus I ventral keel not double or, if double, is proximal ..........4
4. Palpal bulb large and narrows very abruptly at base of embolus; embolus flattened and with sharp tip projecting beyond opening ..........Thelechoris
- Palpal bulb small and narrows gradually to embolus; embolus not noticeably flattened and with no extension at tip beyond opening ..........5
5. Metatarsus I mating apophysis either absent or single, long, and in middle of article; India or Sri Lanka ..........Indothele
- Metatarsus I mating apophysis either double or single and proximal; Africa ..........Lathrothele
6. 2 spermathecae on each side with long coiled stalks; carapace and sternum relatively broad ..........Thelechoris
- Never with 2 spermathecae on each side both having long and coiled stalks; carapace and sternum rarely relatively broad ..........7
7. Proportionally small anterior median eyes; relatively short appendages; mountains (over 2300m elevation) of Peru ..........Andethele
- Proportionally large anterior median eyes; relatively longer appendages; absent from high elevations of Peru ..........8
8. Usually more than 2 spines on tarsus I or 3 spermathecae per side; tropical America ..........Ischnothele
- Rarely more than 2 spines on tarsus I; only 1 or 2 spermathecae per side; Old World tropics ..........9
9. Low number of retrolateral cheliceral denticles; base of spermathecal stalk upturned dorsally to form a lip; India or Sri Lanka ..........Indothele
- High number of retrolateral cheliceral denticles; base of spermathecal stalk not upturned dorsally to form a lip; Africa ..........Lathrothele
References
- Coyle, Frederick A. (1995): A revision of the funnelweb mygalomorph spider subfamily Ischnothelinae (Araneae, Dipluridae). Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 226: 1-133.PDF
- Raven, Robert J. (1985): The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics. Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 182: 1-180.PDF
Subcategories
This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total.
